Words similar to pre-anaphase
Example sentences for: pre-anaphase
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Wild type cells with short spindles were in pre-anaphase and showed focal nucleolar Cdc14 staining, and those with elongated mitotic spindles were in late anaphase and showed diffused Cdc14 staining (Figure 1, Rows 1 and 4; [ 8 9 ] ). In contrast, cdc5-1 cells uniformly exhibited focal Cdc14 staining whether they were grown exponentially at permissive temperature (25°C) or arrested in late mitosis at nonpermissive temperature (33°C) (Figure 1, Rows 2 and 5).
Cdc5 is required for full activation of the Dbf2-Mob1 protein kinase complex [ 15 16 17 ] , and has been proposed to impinge on the MEN both upstream and downstream of Tem1 [ 15 16 17 18 ] . During exit from mitosis, Cdc5 is required for Clb2 destruction, and similar to over-expression of Cdc14 [ 3 ] , induction of Cdc5 triggers precocious Clb2 degradation in pre-anaphase cells [ 19 20 ] . In addition to its role in exit from mitosis, Cdc5 has other functions during mitosis in budding yeast.
Our analysis of Cdc5's role in release of Cdc14 from the RENT complex revealed that Cdc5 is required for disassembly of RENT in late anaphase, that Cdc5 can provoke premature disassembly of RENT in pre-anaphase cells, and that Cdc5 controls (at least in part) the phosphorylation state of Net1 during anaphase.
Not only was Cdc5 required for Cdc14 release, but a stabilized mutant lacking the destruction box (Cdc5(DB▲)) triggered inappropriate Cdc14 release in pre-anaphase cells when overexpressed from the GAL1,10 promoter.
Although Cdc5 activity (1) is necessary to free nucleolar Cdc14 in late mitosis, (2) can elicit ectopic release of Cdc14 in pre-anaphase cells when overproduced, (3) regulates the phosphorylation state of Net1 during anaphase, and (4) can disassemble native and recombinant RENT complexes in vitro by phosphorylating Net1, a combination of in vivo and in vitro phosphosite mapping and mutagenesis experiments suggest that Cdc5 mediates exit from mitosis primarily by phosphorylating targets other than Net1.
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