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Example sentences for: picomoles

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In general, PCR reactions were performed in a volume of 50 μl with 50 picomoles of each primer, dNTP's (Amersham Pharmacia Biotech, Inc., Piscataway, NJ) at a final concentration of 0.5 mM, 1 μl of template, 1X PCR buffer (10X PCR buffer contained 700 mM Tris pH 8.8, 20 mM MgCl 2 , 1% Triton X-100, and 0.1% Tween 20) and Taq polymerase (Perkin-Elmer Inc., Wellesley MA) diluted to the manufacturers recommendations.
They are constitutively permeable to water, and also function as regulated non-selective cation channels [ 10 ] when gated by intracellular cyclic GMP [ 11 12 ] . Even though only a small proportion of the AQP1 channels that are present in the membrane appear to be available for cGMP-activation of the ionic conductance (1/56,000), model-based calculations nonetheless suggest that this contribution could be meaningful in a physiological setting [ 13 ] . Unlike transporters which move substantial amounts of substrate by design, ion channels function to change membrane potential by the net movement of relatively tiny amounts of charge (~10 picomoles per cm 2membrane to generate a change of 100 mV) [ 14 ] , hence the low proportion of active AQP1 ion channels is consistent with a functional goal of gated ionic signaling that is distinct from that of massive constitutive osmotic water permeability.