Words similar to organelles
Example sentences for: organelles
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The protection of subcellular organelles and cellular DNA from free radical damage is likely to be primarily dependent upon intracellular vitamin E levels as opposed to plasma vitamin E levels.
Similarly, it may prove possible to use effector-dependent splicing to more finely monitor gene expression in vivo . A drug could be localized to particular organs, cells, or organelles, and splicing of the aptazyme could be monitored via a reporter gene such as luciferase.
From the base of the phylogenetic tree, we observe regions that are conserved in all of the rRNA sequences that span the three phylogenetic domains and the two eucaryotic organelles, the chloroplast and mitochondria.
Rab proteins comprise a large family of Ras-related GTPases that function in the anterograde and retrograde trafficking of proteins in mammalian cells [ 1 2 3 ] . Different Rab proteins reside in specific subcellular membranes or organelles, where they mediate vesicular transport between discrete donor and acceptor compartments in the endocytic or exocytic pathways [ 4 5 ] . Detailed studies of a few Rab proteins ( e.g .; Rab1, Rab5 and Rab9) have led to a general model wherein Rab proteins are presumed to cycle on and off donor and acceptor membranes in connection with changes in their guanine nucleotide state [ 6 7 8 ] . In the active GTP-bound state, Rab proteins associate with budding transport vesicles [ 9 10 11 ] and appear to participate in the assembly of membrane docking complexes [ 12 13 14 ] . Following vesicle fusion with the acceptor compartment and GTP hydrolysis, the inactive GDP-bound Rab is extracted from the membrane by a carrier protein termed guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) [ 15 16 17 ] . The GTPase can then re-enter the transport cycle through nucleotide exchange promoted by a specific exchange factor at the donor vesicle membrane [ 18 19 20 ] . In addition to changes in guanine nucleotide state, the posttranslational prenylation of Rab proteins plays an important role in the cycling mechanism.
Currently, there are conservation diagrams for the 5S, 16S, and 23S rRNA for the broadest phylogenetic groups: (1) the three major phylogenetic groups and the two Eucarya organelles, chloroplasts and mitochondria; (2) the three major phylogenetic groups; (3) the Archaea; (4) the Bacteria; (5) the Eucarya (nuclear encoded); (6) the chloroplasts; and (7) the mitochondria.
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