Words similar to nonpathogenic

Example sentences for: nonpathogenic

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M. smegmatis is a fast-growing, nonpathogenic species of Mycobacterium in which M. tuberculosis genes can be efficiently expressed [ 16 17 18 ] . An in depth analysis of one recombinant clone revealed that M. smegmatis recipients carrying the M. tuberculosis eis gene on an extrachromosomal multicopy plasmid displayed 2.4- to 5.3-fold greater survival in U937 macrophages than wild-type M. smegmatis bacteria at 24 to 48 hours post-infection [ 15 ] . The 42-kDa eis gene product has been shown to be associated with the mycobacterial cell surface and is released into extracellular medium, but its precise function is not yet known [ 19 ] .
One method for identifying bacterial genes involved in pathogenesis is to express these genes in a nonpathogenic host and isolate bacteria with increased virulence.
Other cell types may be able to better distinguish between pathogenic and nonpathogenic L. monocytogenes ; for example, expression of the virulence factor LLO, the hemolysin responsible in part for invasion of L. monocytogenes into the host cell cytoplasm, is necessary for L. monocytogenes to activate neutrophils [ 34], stimulate prolonged TNFα production by macrophages [ 36, 37], and induce NFκB nuclear translocation and cytokine secretion by HUVEC human vascular endothelial cells [ 35, 39].