Words similar to nodulation
Example sentences for: nodulation
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However, four of these genes do map to the same M. loti linear chromosome (Figure 4), including nodL and the glutamine synthetase gene, both of which are involved in nodulation/nitrogen fixation in rhizobia.
TFX is rapidly degraded in nonsterile soil but is readily extractable from sterile soil inoculated with a TFX-producing strain, suggesting that TFX is sensitive to in situ proteolysis [ 14 ] . Despite this rapid turnover, TFX production confers enhanced nodulation efficiency upon TFX-producing Rhizobium strains under field conditions [ 15 ] .
Rhizobia have the ability to transfer genes horizontally to other bacteria, and M. loti carries a 'symbiosis island' which spans approximately 9% of its genome and has been shown to have a role in rhizobial evolution via HGT [ 46 ] . This symbiosis island contains certain genes involved in nodulation and nitrogen-fixation functions, but none of these is a homolog of the nematode HGT candidates we have identified.
Trifolitoxin production enhances rhizosphere competitiveness of Rhizobium etli CE3 (pT2TFXK) in sterile soil and enhances nodulation efficiency in non-sterile soil when compared to a TFX-sensitive strain [ 20 ] . Trifolitoxin production also increases bean nodulation competitiveness of Rhizobium etli CE3 in the presence of indigenous rhizobia under agricultural conditions [ 15 ] . Field application of R. etli CE3 (pT2TFXK) dramatically reduced the diversity of indigenous α-proteobacteria in the bean rhizosphere without affecting unrelated species [ 13 ] . Thus, TFX production by A. vitis F2/5 should enhance the competitiveness and aid in establishment of this beneficial strain in the rhizosphere.
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