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Example sentences for: meloidogyne
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To provide experimental evidence that the Meloidogyne nodL sequences represent nematode loci, we cloned and sequenced a full-length transcript from M. incognita ( Mi-NodL ). Identification of the SL1 trans -splice leader at the 5' end of the message [ 41 ] , and a poly(A) tail at the 3' end, confirmed that this is a bona fide nematode gene (Figure 3).
Another RKN gene also postulated to have been acquired by HGT, and which encodes polyglutamate synthetase, was previously identified in M. artiellia [ 23 ] . Significantly, hybridization data showed that this particular gene is absent from both the M. javanica and G. rostochiensis genomes [ 23 ] . We speculate that acquisition of this gene by M. artiellia is a recent HGT event (event 'c', Figure 1), and thus it is truly absent from the Meloidogyne genomes from which our datasets were derived.
Meloidogyne and rhizobia are sympatric (that is, they share an ecological niche in the soil [ 3 ] , and arguably in the plant too [ 31 ] ), satisfying the minimal requirement for an HGT to occur, namely physical proximity.
In particular, we considered how similar the Meloidogyne codon usage is to that of a 'typical' rhizobial protein by using the codon adaptation index (CAI) [ 44 ] . From an R. leguminosarum codon-usage table, we calculated the CAI for those amino acids precisely conserved between Mi-NodL and the rhizobial NodL protein to be 0.621 and 0.703 respectively.
In addition to the gene sequences, two published partial cDNA sequences from a spider ( Cupiennius salei ) and an EST from a nematode ( Meloidogyne hapla ) were obtained from the NCBI database and used in the multiple sequence alignment.
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