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Example sentences for: javanica
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Another RKN gene also postulated to have been acquired by HGT, and which encodes polyglutamate synthetase, was previously identified in M. artiellia [ 23 ] . Significantly, hybridization data showed that this particular gene is absent from both the M. javanica and G. rostochiensis genomes [ 23 ] . We speculate that acquisition of this gene by M. artiellia is a recent HGT event (event 'c', Figure 1), and thus it is truly absent from the Meloidogyne genomes from which our datasets were derived.
Meloidogyne sequences from NCBI dbEST ( M. incognita , M. javanica and M. hapla sequences, named NMi, NMj, and NMh respectively) were translated in six frames and individually compared to conceptual six-phase translations of the C. elegans and Drosophila genomes as well as all available bacterial sequences.
Included are 32,735 sequences from Meloidogyne species ( M. incognita 12,752, M. hapla 11,049, M. javanica 5,600, M. arenaria 3,334), as well as ESTs from cyst nematode species ( G. rostochiensis 5,934, H. glycines 4,327, G. pallida 1,832), and the lesion nematode ( P. penetrans 2,048).
We describe here a comprehensive two-step search for HGT candidates in M. incognita, M. javanica and M. hapla using EST data [ 22 28 29 ] . Genome-to-genome comparisons were made to discover patterns of presence and absence that would indicate horizontally acquired genes.
Additional raw sequences were extracted from the July 31, 2002 NCBI GenBank dbEST build with the Entrez Search and Retrieval System (Table 1) [ 47 ] . Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica datasets from NCBI (NMi and NMj respectively) contain the individual ESTs generated by the PNSP, and from which the clusters for the WMi and WMj datasets were generated.
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