Words similar to isomerase
Example sentences for: isomerase
How can you use “isomerase” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
Several well-characterized plasmodial genes were identified in this metabolic collection, including P. falciparum lactate dehydrogenase (PfLDH; 027743), enolase (U00152), triose-phosphate isomerase (PfTPI; L01654), glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (PfG6PI; J05544), hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl-transferase (PfHGPRT; X16279) and dihydropteroate synthetase (PfDHPS; U07706).
Nostoc has frnE (encoding a thiol-disulfide isomerase) inserted between tyrA (p) and aroB . Four subclasses of tyrA are defined according to the substrate specificities of the TyrA gene product: tyrA p , specific for prephenate; tyrA a , specific for arogenate; tyrA c , accepts either prephenate or arogenate; and tyrA (p) , has broad specificity but exhibits a distinct preference for prephenate.
These same conclusions regarding energy expenditure were reached in experiments assessing enzymatic activities, and transcriptional changes in rat liver using Northern blots, where fish oil feeding: increased palmitoyl CoA mitochondrial and peroxisomal oxidation rate; increased Cpt1, Cpt2, Δ 3, Δ 2-enoyl CoA isomerase, and Ech1 expression and activity; and decreased expression and activity of FA synthase, malic enzyme, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and pyruvate kinase, compared to palm and/or safflower oil feeding [ 93 ] . Likewise, in rat white retroperitoneal adipose tissue, fish oil feeding also decreased Fasn expression [ 94 ] . Intriguingly, the hormone leptin, which also acts through SREBP-1 and PPARα, affected many transcripts similarly to LC-PUFA ( e.g. , leptin decreased Gpam and Apoa4 transcripts; and up regulated Ech1, mitochondrial Hmgcs2, and Cyp4a14 transcripts [ 95 ] .
Feeding our diets affected various genes containing a PPRE, with roles in triacylglycerol synthesis (mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase, Gpam), FA oxidation (carnitine palmitoyl transferase, Cpt1; dienoyl CoA isomerase, Ech1), FA desaturation (stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase, Scd1 or Δ9 desaturase), gluconeogenesis (cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1, Pck1 or PEPCK; glucose-6-phosphatase, G6pc), cytochrome p450 metabolism (Cyp4a-10 and -14), FA transport (Cd36; FA binding protein, Fabp5), cholesterol metabolism and transport (apolipoprotein A4, Apoa4; apolipoprotein B-100, ApoB-100), and ketone body formation (mitochondrial 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A synthase 2, Hmgcs2).
The first, the ER overload response, triggers the activation of the transcription factor NFkB and the subsequent upregulation of inflammatory proteins [ 13 ] . The second, the unfolded protein response (UPR) induces three divergent cellular events: (i) the activation of transcription factor ATF6 leading to the upregulation of ER chaperones such as protein disulfide isomerase, (ii) upregulation of the pro-apoptotic transcription factor GADD153 and (iii) suppression of protein synthesis via phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) by pancreatic eIF2α kinase (PEK/PERK, [ 11 12 ] ). Upregulation of the ER chaperones, GADD153 and PERK in response to a toxic insult would constitute direct evidence of an ER stress response.
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