Example sentences for: intermediates

How can you use “intermediates” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:

  • Thus, it is tempting to speculate that IL-1 antagonizes the effects of TGF-β by blocking expression of essential signaling intermediates, such as SMAD4.

  • The selective suppression of Th1 cell activity is believed to be due to IL-10 inhibition of IL-12, a differentiation factor for Th1 cells [ 11 12 ] . The release of reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates by macrophages is also suppressed by IL-10 [ 13 14 ] . In addition, IL-10 stimulates the production of cytokine inhibitors such as IL-1 receptor antagonist [ 15 ] . In patients with rheumatoid arthritis, IL-10 is produced by synovial membrane cells and is found at high levels in the synovial fluid [ 16 17 ] . It has been shown that suppression of IL-10 production by synovial cells is associated with increased levels of IL-1 and TNF-α, suggesting that IL-10 plays a suppressive role in rheumatoid arthritis joints [ 16 ] . It was also observed that IL-10 directly stimulated proteoglycan synthesis and reversed the cartilage degradation induced by activated mononuclear cells [ 18 ] . These immunosuppressive activities indicate that IL-10 is a potential therapeutic approach for autoimmune diseases.

  • ALT = alanine transaminase; AST = aspartate transaminase; MDA = malondialdehyde; ROIs = reactive oxygen intermediates; TBA = thiobarbituric acid; TBARS = thiobarbituric-acid-reacting substances; TPN = total parenteral nutrition.

  • The major change that had to be made to the FlyBase controlled vocabulary to support this project was to name the developmental intermediates that arise during embryogenesis, that is anlagen, primordia, and anlagen in statu nascendi.

  • The proteasome assembly intermediates could be a site for the entry of substrates into the degradation chamber via an unfold-trap mechanism that is coupled to the final maturation of the 20S proteasome.


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