Words similar to hypothalamic
Example sentences for: hypothalamic
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Together these results suggest that an elevation of corticosterone is necessary for reduction in melanocortin tone during fasting and with diabetes and is sufficient to induce hypothalamic AGRP mRNA but not to reduce POMC expression.
Adrenalectomy therefore completely blocked the effects of fasting on hypothalamic AGRP, POMC and NPY mRNAs.
Although the mechanisms through which adrenalectomy acts to reverse obesity is not entirely clear, it is plausible that the mechanisms entail enhanced hypothalamic POMC production [ 6 ] . Hypothalamic POMC mRNA is reduced in several forms of obesity [ 18 19 20 ] . Conversely, reversal of obese phenotypes by adrenalectomy is associated with a restoration of hypothalamic POMC mRNA tone in leptin-deficient ob/ob mice [ 6 ] . Furthermore, the melanocortin agonist MTII (which mimics the key anti-obesity product of POMC, alpha-MSH) reduces body weight in diet-induced obesity [ 21 ] . On the other hand, the effect of diet-induced obesity on hypothalamic POMC mRNA is somewhat complex and may depend on the genetic background [ 22 23 ] , and duration of the diet [ 24 25 ] or composition [ 23 ] of the diet.
For example, it is clear that the regulation of AGRP differs in rats and mice, since in mice hypothalamic AGRP mRNA is elevated by a deficiency in leptin receptor function [ 4 ] but in rats this is not true [ 21 ] . However, hypothalamic POMC is regulated similarly in rats and mice, and this is probably the more important element regulating metabolic phenotype.
In the present study, we observed that adrenalectomy did indeed lead to a remarkable enhancement of hypothalamic POMC mRNA tone in mice made obese on a high-fat diet; surprisingly, however, adrenalectomy did not reverse diet-induced obesity.
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