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Example sentences for: hivan

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In stratified analysis limited to patients with HIVAN, ACE use was not significantly associated with mortality (p = 0.48, AHR = 1.88, 95% CI, 0.33-10.
Thirty-six of these patients had ESRD as a result of HIVAN.
Cumulatively, however, these observations do suggest a mechanism whereby HIV-1 expression in renal epithelium may induce cyclin D 1 : activation of Src-family kinases by Nef would be expected to up-regulate cyclin D 1 gene expression and promote the synthesis and stabilization of cyclin D 1 protein via Src-Ras-MAPK and Src-PI3K-mTOR signal transduction pathways, respectively [ 32 33 34 ] . Interestingly, our unpublished in vitro observations and published data showing marked expression of basic fibroblast growth factor in the interstitium of HIVAN kidneys [ 35 ] suggest that soluble mitogens may be important cofactors with HIV-1 expression to induce cyclin D 1 . Thus, interrupting HIV-1 gene expression should down-regulate cyclin D 1 and correct the phenotypic abnormalities in infected podocytes.
[ 15 16 17 ] Such patients may even be more difficult to manage, since the onset of HIVAN could be delayed until these patients develop resistance to the therapy.
Plots of survival by ACE use are shown for HIVAN patients (Figure 2) and for the entire study cohort (Figure 3).