Words similar to hammerhead
Example sentences for: hammerhead
How can you use “hammerhead” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
In this assay, the hammerhead ribozyme was able to cleave about 50% of the M6P/IGF2R target within 2 hr of incubation, and by 12 hrs, more than 90% of the M6P/IGF2R target was converted to the expected products (Fig.
It’s said to be a great place to see groups of hammerhead sharks as well as turtles and huge rays.
However, the Group I self-splicing intron is a much more complicated ribozyme than either the hammerhead or the L1 ligase; for example, the tertiary structure of the Group I intron is established by a complicated folding pathway.
These levels of ligand-dependent activation were similar to those observed with the original hammerhead aptazyme constructs, [ 21 ] and it may prove possible to use in vitro selection to further optimize activation [ 13 14 ] . However, when the time course data were fit with a single exponential equation, the rates of the initial reactions turned out to be very similar in both the presence and absence of theophylline (Table 2).
For example, Herschlag and co-workers have previously shown that a nucleobase could complement an abasic site within the hammerhead ribozyme, restoring cleavage activity [ 1 ] . Similarly, Porta and Lizardi engineered a hammerhead ribozyme that assumed an inactive secondary structure; upon the addition of an oligonucleotide that disrupted the engineered secondary structure, the ribozyme was activated [ 2 ] . More recently, it has previously been shown that many selected nucleic acid binding species (aptamers) undergo conformational changes upon ligand binding [ 3 4 5 6 ] In addition, when aptamers are conjoined to ribozymes, the ligand-induced conformational changes in the aptamers frequently modulate the structures and hence the activities of the ribozymes [ 7 8 9 ] For example, binding of theophylline to the anti-theophylline aptamer [ 10 ] modulates the conformation of residue [ 11 12 ] and the overall stability of the aptamer [ 10 13 ] . Appending the anti-theophylline aptamer to the hammerhead ribozyme allowed cleavage activity to be modulated by 110-fold by theophylline [ 13 ] . Similarly, appending the anti-theophylline aptamer to a small ribozyme ligase (L1) generated an aptazyme that was activated 1,600-fold by saturating theophylline concentrations [ 14 ] .
Loading...