Words similar to half-transporters
Example sentences for: half-transporters
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ABCG5 and ABCG8 are two genes located adjacently in a head-to-head configuration on human chromosome 2p21, encoding for two half-transporters, sterolin 1 and sterolin 2 respectively [ 9 10 12 ] . Mutations in either of these genes causes sitosterolemia, characterized by hyperabsorption of phytosterols, reduced excretion of sterols into the bile and very elevated levels of plasma plant sterol levels.
Studies have shown that the sitosterolemic patients hyperabsorb all sterols (cholesterol and phytosterols) and fail to excrete phytosterols into bile [ 3 4 5 6 7 ] . Positional mapping of the STSL locus to human chromosome 2p21 led to the identification of two genes, ATP binding cassette (ABC) half-transporters G5 and G8 that were mutated in affected individuals [ 8 9 10 11 12 ] . The protein products of these two genes (sterolin-1 and sterolin-2 respectively) are thought to form heterodimers to constitute a functional transporter, based primarily on the genetic evidence that affected individuals are either completely mutated in sterolin-1 or sterolin-2, but not both [ 12 ] . More recently, evidence from in vitro expression of these proteins has been presented that these two proteins co-immunoprecipitate, supporting this conclusion [ 13 ] . ABCG5 and ABCG8 appear to be present in all mammalian genomes examined to date and are highly conserved between species, indicating that these genes may have a similar function in other species.