Words similar to gli
Example sentences for: gli
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RNA was subjected to quantitative RT-PCR analysis (Taqman; Applied Biosystems, Foster City, USA) utilizing Gli1, Ptc1 and GAPDH primers and probes.
After testing several cell lines for Hh-dependent induction of the target genes Ptc1 and Gli1 [ 2 ] , we identified C3H10T1/2 and TM3 cells as optimal responders.
These include: a Hh-protein-blocking antibody, 5E1 [ 23 ] ; a natural product derivative, cyclopamine [ 9 10 ] that has recently been shown to act downstream of Ptc, perhaps at the level of Smo [ 11 ] ; a recently identified synthetic small-molecule inhibitor, Cur61414, which has inhibitory properties similar to cyclopamine [ 17 ] ; and forskolin, an adenylate cyclase/protein kinase A activator that is thought to block Hh signaling by stimulating degradation of members of the Gli family of transcriptional activators [ 2 ] .
We then introduced into each line a plasmid containing a luciferase reporter downstream of multimerized Gli binding sites and a minimal promoter [ 20 ] . An isolated stable clone of the 10T1/2 cell transfectants (referred to as clone S12) gave a 10-20-fold up-regulation of luciferase activity (Figure 1a) when stimulated with Hh protein [ 21 ] for 24 hours.
Although no compelling data have been presented that directly link classic G-protein activation [ 37 ] to the canonical Hh pathway involving Ci/Gli stimulation [ 2 ] , recent studies show that under certain conditions Smo can engage G-protein subunits in a Ptc-dependent manner [ 38 ] and that G-protein-mediated cAMP modulation may underlie certain effects of Hh on neuronal tissue [ 39 ] .
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