Example sentences for: gallbladder

How can you use “gallbladder” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:

  • Bile in the biliary ducts and the gallbladder often contains bacteria and the bacterial product lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

  • T just threw up," "The gallbladder lady isn't breathing very well."

  • Hepatic bile is actively modified by the epithelial cells that line the bile ducts and gallbladder.

  • Bacteria are found in the bile of the gallbladder and bile ducts [ 15 16 ] , the presence of which may have relevance to clinical diseases such as stone formation [ 19 20 21 ] , primary sclerosing cholangitis [ 22 ] , and cholestasis [ 23 24 ] . Direct exposure of sub-epithelial tissue to LPS from gram-negative bacteria causes release of cytokines by resident leukocytes and activation of macrophages [ 25 ] . The biliary fluid of patients with cholangitis has increased concentrations of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 suggesting that bacterial infection leads to an increase in cytokines released into the bile [ 26 ] . Adding LPS to the bile of guinea pig gallbladders in vivo led to increased IL-1 concentration in the bile [ 27 ] . What role biliary epithelial cells play in the response to bacteria in bile is not known.

  • Dog gallbladder epithelial cells demonstrated increased mucin secretion following TNF-α treatment [ 10 ] . In addition, exogenous TNF-α altered the absorptive properties of cultured human gallbladder epithelial cells [ 37 ] . It is therefore reasonable to suggest that TNF-α produced by gallbladder epithelial cells in response to LPS could affect cellular function in an autocrine manner.


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