Words similar to fnr
Example sentences for: fnr
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Since the native Fnr binding site at the dmsA P1 promoter differs from the Fnr consensus recognition sequence (TTGATnnnnATCAA [ 13 ] ) by one base pair (bp) in the right half-site (e.g.
The deletion of the entire left half-site Fnr sequence, while preserving the right half-site as consensus, exhibited similar results (λJA304).
5 target sites like other Fnr-regulated class II promoters [ 16 ] . By analogy to the CAP transcription regulator [ 17 18 ] , the proposed mechanism for Fnr activation of gene expression involves its ability to promote open complex formation by RNA polymerase [ 13 16 19 ] . As suggested by the appearance of DNase I hypersensitive cleavage sites, a change in the DNA conformation occurs upon Fnr binding at the dmsA promoter [ 7 8 ] . The presence of hypersensitive DNase I cleavage sites at other FNR-regulated promoters as well as DNA bending experiments support this conclusion [ 8 20 ] . Furthermore, recent studies propose the protein-protein interaction of σ 70and Fnr at the narG and dmsA promoters [ 7 21 22 23 ] . Finally, for each of the site-directed mutations of the Fnr binding site in this study, the level of dmsA-lacZ expression was not significantly altered in an fnr deletion strain either aerobically or anaerobically, indicating that the Fnr-independent expression from the dmsA promoter was not affected by the sequence alterations (Figure 1).
The enhanced ability of Fnr to activate dmsABC gene expression is possibly, by analogy to Crp, due to increased affinity of Fnr at the consensus versus the native non-consensus Fnr recognition sequence at dmsA . Likewise, the poor match of the Fnr site at the promoter for the fumarate reductase gene, frdA to the consensus Fnr sequence may account for the relatively weak anaerobic induction for this respiratory operon [ 14 ] .
The λJA303 consensus mutant fnr +strain exhibited a 1000-fold anaerobic increase in β-galactosidase expression relative to the corresponding fnr -strain (i.e.
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