Words similar to flow-induced
Example sentences for: flow-induced
How can you use “flow-induced” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
The study showed that the adaptive enlargement was associated with increased gene expression of TGF-β1 and β3, known as tissue remodeling mediators [ 12 17 29 ] . Gene expression of TGF-β1 and β3 was upregulated at 1 and 3 days and 1 week upon increase in blood flow, while the flow-induced aortic enlargement occurred 2 weeks after ACF creation.
There are very few models using larger and elastic arteries like aorta for study of flow-induced response [ 19 ] . The current model provides a direct access to the investigation of abdominal aorta with blood flow-induced hemodynamic alteration.
The internal elastic lamella of arteries is shown to form gaps prior to vessel dilatation in an experimental arteriovenous model in rabbit carotid artery [ 2 ] . Collagenase and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been observed to be upregulated during vessel dilation either in flow-induced model [ 10 ] or in a post-stenotic dilatation [ 11 ] .
Several growth factors, in particular TGF-β, have been shown to be involved in vessel wall remodeling with respect to both cellular proliferation and ECM accumulation [ 12 13 14 15 ] . Cell apoptosis has been shown to play a role in various remodeling processes [ 1 ] , including hypertension-induced remodeling [ 6 ] and subnormal shear stress induced endothelial cell apoptosis [ 16 ] . Interestingly, TGF-β super family has been related to apoptosis in vascular cells [ 17 ] . However, whether flow-induced arterial dilatation may also associated with apoptosis and how it might be coordinated with cell proliferation in a large elastic artery remain unclear.
Our observation indicated that apoptosis was not remarkable in the early stage of flow-induced dilatation; although apoptosis has been implicated to play a role in vessel remodeling [ 1 ] . There was little change in TUNNEL analysis after ACF creation.
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