Words similar to fibrillar
Example sentences for: fibrillar
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Fibronectin can control many aspects of cell behavior, including cell growth, migration and differentiation [ 1 ] . Fibronectin exists in the blood as a dimer, but in tissues it is in the form of an insoluble fibrillar matrix.
For example, high concentrations of dimeric fibronectin enhance cell migration whereas high concentrations of fibrillar fibronectin reduce cell migration [ 2 ] . Also, inhibition of fibronectin matrix assembly has been shown to inhibit cell growth in various systems [ 3 4 5 ] . These findings suggest that fibrillar fibronectin may stimulate signal transduction pathways in cells that are either not stimulated, or only marginally stimulated, by dimeric fibronectin.
The first evidence that chemokines are associated with wound healing in vivo was reported in 1990 using the chemokine cCAF (chicken Chemotactic and Angiogenic Factor; the product of the 9E3 gene), a CXC chemokine that is now known to be the ortologue for human IL-8 [ 9 ] . cCAF is expressed to high levels very shortly after wounding and during the first 24-48 hours after injury, and remains elevated for at least 16 days after wounding [ 6 10 ] . It is primarily expressed by the fibroblasts of the granulation tissue, especially where interstitial collagen (Coll) is abundant, but the levels are also high in the endothelial cells of the microvessels, in the healing epidermis and in the connective tissue beneath the skin [ 6 11 ] . In the chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay, low concentration of cCAF results in chemotaxis of monocyte/macrophages and lymphocytes and the formation of a granulation-like tissue beneath the chemokine-containing pellet [ 3 ] . After four days of exposure to this chemokine, the ectoderm of the CAMs becomes thickened and the amount of fibrillar collagen in the tissue is markedly increased, strongly suggesting that cCAF is able to initiate some of the primary events that lead to granulation tissue formation [ 3 ] .
The fibrillar form of fibronectin is thought to be the most relevant form in vivo because this is the form with which most cells interact [ 1 ] . Various lines of evidence suggest that the fibrillar matrix form of fibronectin exerts effects on cells that are not duplicated by the dimeric form of fibronectin.
Collagen is one of the principal components of the extracellular matrix and RAW cells bind poorly to fibrillar type I collagen unless it is denatured or activated by collagenase [ 38].
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