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Example sentences for: extrusion
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MG-132 is a peptide aldehyde that inhibits ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis by binding to and inactivating 20S and 26S proteasomes [ 49 62 ] . Although 1-10 μM MG-132 inhibited first polar body extrusion in rat oocytes, its activity is reversible [ 42 ] . We conducted preliminary experiments to obtain a MG-132 dose range that would transiently perturb or inhibit OM during meiosis I while enabling oocytes to complete OM following washing out of the compound.
2 medium supplemented with 7.5 μg/ml cytochalasin B for 2 h after activation to prevent extrusion of polar bodies [ 44].
The ars operon consists of a group of genes coding for a transmembrane pump and an arsenate reductase ( arsC ). The operon includes a regulatory gene ( arsR ) and a gene coding for an arsenite-specific pump ( arsB ) as well as arsC [ 13 ] . Arsenite is pumped directly out of the cell by the arsB protein; however arsenate must first be reduced to arsenite by the cytoplasmic arsenate reductase coded from arsC . Some bacteria also possess other ars genes: arsA produces an arsenite-stimulated ATPase [ 14 ] that results in more efficient arsenite extrusion; arsD encodes for a regulatory protein that controls the upper level of ars expression [ 15 ] ; arsH has been identified but has an uncertain function [ 16 ] . The ars operon was initially recognized in plamids of Staphylococcus aureus and S. xylosus [ 17 18 ] but has subsequently been found in other microorganisms (e.g.
Flowering time was defined as the time to half-bloom (extrusion of mature anthers having progressed halfway down the head) and was recorded as days after planting (DAP) for each individual plant by daily survey in both locations.
When confluent cells were used as donors, fused embryos were cultured in the medium supplemented with 7.5 μg/ml cytochalasin B to prevent extrusion of polar bodies.
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