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Example sentences for: euplotes
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Furthermore, the in vitro exconjugant enzyme of Euplotes crassus can cap non-telomeric DNA, aided by Chromosome Healing Factor [ 42 ] . That Euplotes is more closely related to Oxytricha than to Tetrahymena tentatively supports our assumption that telomerase can heal ends well after the binder/cutter has acted.
The in vitro properties of telomerase are consistent with its known role in creation of MAC telomeres in Tetrahymena [ 41 ] , as well as, presumably, in all other ciliates [ 9 ] . Telomerases from exconjugants of Tetrahymena and Euplotes have been extensively studied in vitro . The E. crassus enzyme can only act on oligomers that pair with telomerase template RNA at their 3' terminus, unless assisted by a dissociable factor (chromosome healing factor), which contributes extra mass to the enzyme in exconjugants [ 42 ] . Telomerase, assisted by this factor, still requires a block of dGs or telomere repeats internal to the 3' primer end [ 43 ] . In contrast, the Tetrahymena exconjugant enzyme can add to a primer completely devoid of telomere repeats in special reaction conditions, and shows no evidence of increased mass beyond that of the vegetative enzyme [ 44 ] .
Although chromatid breakage requires an endonuclease activity, the cutter, directed by a Cbs-binding activity, no Cbs-dependent "binder/cutter" activity has been detected in vitro . The cutter could be an activity of telomerase itself [ 39 43 ] . Telomerase of both Tetrahymena and Euplotes has a single-strand endonuclease activity [ 45 43 ] . It can trim potential primers back, so that the 3' terminus pairs with template RNA [ 46 ] . Thus, while it may serve a 3' editing function, the existence of a nuclease activity in potential proximity to the site of chromatid breakage is provocative, suggesting that telomerase provides the
Further, Euplotes binding- and cut-sites do not overlap [ 38 ] .
An analogous sequence, E-cbs, has been characterized in Euplotes by sequence comparisons and analyses of DNA intermediates and products of MAC development [ 37 38 39 ] . At a fixed distance from itself, E-cbs directs a 6-nucleotide staggered cut, with a protruding 3'OH to which telomerase adds telomere repeats.
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