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Example sentences for: euplotes
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An analogous sequence, E-cbs, has been characterized in Euplotes by sequence comparisons and analyses of DNA intermediates and products of MAC development [ 37 38 39 ] . At a fixed distance from itself, E-cbs directs a 6-nucleotide staggered cut, with a protruding 3'OH to which telomerase adds telomere repeats.
Furthermore, the in vitro exconjugant enzyme of Euplotes crassus can cap non-telomeric DNA, aided by Chromosome Healing Factor [ 42 ] . That Euplotes is more closely related to Oxytricha than to Tetrahymena tentatively supports our assumption that telomerase can heal ends well after the binder/cutter has acted.
Further, Euplotes binding- and cut-sites do not overlap [ 38 ] .
Although chromatid breakage requires an endonuclease activity, the cutter, directed by a Cbs-binding activity, no Cbs-dependent "binder/cutter" activity has been detected in vitro . The cutter could be an activity of telomerase itself [ 39 43 ] . Telomerase of both Tetrahymena and Euplotes has a single-strand endonuclease activity [ 45 43 ] . It can trim potential primers back, so that the 3' terminus pairs with template RNA [ 46 ] . Thus, while it may serve a 3' editing function, the existence of a nuclease activity in potential proximity to the site of chromatid breakage is provocative, suggesting that telomerase provides the
The in vitro properties of telomerase are consistent with its known role in creation of MAC telomeres in Tetrahymena [ 41 ] , as well as, presumably, in all other ciliates [ 9 ] . Telomerases from exconjugants of Tetrahymena and Euplotes have been extensively studied in vitro . The E. crassus enzyme can only act on oligomers that pair with telomerase template RNA at their 3' terminus, unless assisted by a dissociable factor (chromosome healing factor), which contributes extra mass to the enzyme in exconjugants [ 42 ] . Telomerase, assisted by this factor, still requires a block of dGs or telomere repeats internal to the 3' primer end [ 43 ] . In contrast, the Tetrahymena exconjugant enzyme can add to a primer completely devoid of telomere repeats in special reaction conditions, and shows no evidence of increased mass beyond that of the vegetative enzyme [ 44 ] .
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