Words similar to effectors
Example sentences for: effectors
How can you use “effectors” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
A number of proteins have been identified that bind to the substrate domain of Cas, however the large number of tyrosines and potential binding sites for downstream effectors suggest that there may be more.
Thus c-crk interacts constitutively with downstream effectors such as C3G via its SH3 domains, and interacts in a phosphotyrosine dependent fashion with tyrosine phosphorylated receptors using its SH2 domain [ 39 ] . To analyze downstream signals regulated by these adaptor proteins, investigators have developed methods that target them to distinct cellular membrane compartments by using heterologous targeting sequences.
IL-1β, which was significantly upregulated in NHBEs following CSC exposure, has been shown to be important for activation of IL-8 [ 6 ] and ICAM-1 [ 4 ] . This is also consistent with the report that epithelial cells regulate inflammatory events by secreting cytokines and chemokines such as IL-1β, IL-8, GM-CSF, TNF-α, and sICAM-1 [ 2 ] . These paracrine effectors can then produce further primary local inflammation or amplify the effects of previously activated macrophages, eosinophils, mast cells, or lymphocytes.
Signals are initiated by tyrosine phosphorylation of upstream effectors that recruit these adaptors to assemble larger protein complexes by bringing downstream effectors to the distinct cellular compartments for activation.
Future studies will test the potential of sα i2 , when co-expressed with βγ, to productively interact with receptors and effectors.
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