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Example sentences for: ecdysozoa
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The traditional view is that arthropods are more closely related to annelids than to nematodes, but some recent molecular phylogenies place nematodes and arthropods together in a high-level taxon named Ecdysozoa, which does not include annelids [ 24 25 ] . Other molecular studies give conflicting results [ 26 27 ] . Regardless of the evolutionary relationship between Nematoda and Arthropoda, C. elegans and Drosophila remain useful and valid models for our analyses, and the relationships shown in Figure 1are consistent with both hypotheses.
The first hypothesis corresponds to the traditional grouping Coelomata and the second corresponds to Ecdysozoa [ 3 ] . For convenience, we will use these names in reference to the two hypotheses while recognizing that this study, by necessity, involves only a subset of all animal phyla.
The importance of knowing the branching order of these species is illustrated by the immediate and wide acceptance of the Ecdysozoa hypothesis and its use in tracing patterns of developmental evolution [ 5 6 7 10 ] . However, in the initial analysis of 18S rRNA sequences [ 3 ] , Ecdysozoa was statistically significant only when a paralinear distance method was used; three other methods did not yield significant bootstrap support.
In the initial study defining Ecdysozoa [ 3 ] , rate variation was considered to be the major bias affecting the phylogenetic position of nematodes.
Analyses of the individual protein datasets using neighbor-joining [ 16 ] show that most (62%) support Coelomata while 25% support Ecdysozoa and 13% support hypothesis III ( Supplemental Table 1, four-taxon analysis).
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