Words similar to domoic
Example sentences for: domoic
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3 % 4 hours after microglia were treated with domoic acid [1 mM] and were 28.
lowering the temperature to 22°C) might have enhanced the intensity of the observed cytotoxicity to cerebellar neurons even further, as was reported recently when cerebellar granule cells were exposed to 10 μM domoic acid for up to 24 hours [ 43 ] . Future work is necessary to determine if similar changes in the experimental conditions might also increase the toxicity of domoic acid to rat neonatal microglia in vitro.
In summary, in our experiments the in vitro effect of a 1-6 hour exposure to domoic acid on rat neonatal microglia activation and concomitant TNF-α, MMP-9 and O 2 - release was clearly distinct in its magnitude from that observed after exposure to LPS, an agent involved in endotoxic shock and other central nervous pathologies [ 3 ] . Even though this present study was limited to the study of the in vitro effects of domoic acid on three microglia mediators, namely TNF-α, MMP-9 and O 2 -, it provides the first experimental evidence to our knowledge that domoic acid, at in vitro concentrations that are toxic to neuronal cells, can trigger a limited activation of rat neonatal microglia and the concomitant release of modest though statistically significant amounts of TNF-α and MMP-9.
.. " a combination that has been shown to increase the neurotoxicity of domoic acid to primary cultures of cerebellar neurons [ 31 ] or (2) an increase in the time of exposure to domoic acid, as we have reported is the case with LPS [ 7 ] . The fact that domoic acid has been shown to activate rat microglia several days after in vivo administration [ 60 ] clearly raises this latter possibility.
However, we do not rule out the possibility that growth factors other than BDNF and bFGF could be released by domoic acid-stimulated neonatal microglia cells and play a role in neuroprotection from excitotoxic injury.
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