Words similar to cyclic-
Example sentences for: cyclic-
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Table 1reveals that in human SPAM1 there is a CRE transcription factor binding site, a site that was shown to be functional in the murine Spam1 promoter region [ 34 ] as well as putative AREs which are also present in the mouse [ 12 ] . Of special interest are the relative locations of the AREs which are associated with genes expressed in the epididymis [ 35 ] and the prostate at -661 and -763; and a CRE (cyclic-AMP responsive element) which is consistent with haploid expression in the testis at -207 [ 34 ] . The relative location of these elements are consistent with the findings of Hsia et al.
Prostaglandin E 2 is a major cyclooxygenase metabolite of arachidonic acid which exerts diverse effects on vascular smooth muscle tone and epithelial solute transport via G-protein coupled receptors [ 1 2 ] . At least four distinct G-protein coupled PGE 2 receptors have been cloned: the EP 1 , EP 2 , EP 3 , and EP 4 [ 1 ] . Pharmacological studies suggest PGE 2 relaxes vascular smooth muscle through two of these receptors, the EP 2 and EP 4 receptors, which couple to cyclic-AMP generation [ 3 ] . In contrast, PGE 2 constricts other vascular smooth muscle through EP 3 receptors which inhibit cAMP generation via G i or EP 1 receptors which increase Ca 2+mobilization [ 3 ] . Although both EP 2 and EP 4 receptors relax smooth muscle, EP 2 receptors are uniquely sensitive to the agonists butaprost and AH13205 [ 3 4 ] . Previous studies have shown that PGE 2 increases the cAMP concentration in many tissues including kidney, intestine and uterus, but the relative contribution of EP 2 versus EP 4 receptors to these effects is incompletely defined [ 5 6 ] . Recent studies in mice with targeted disruption of these receptors have suggested an important role for EP2 receptor in regulating systemic hemodynamics.
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