Words similar to clendo
Example sentences for: clendo
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Previous studies have shown that TNFα, like other death receptors, stimulates the accumulation of the second messenger ceramide, and that this lipid signaling molecule can serve as an upstream activator of cell stress signaling pathways [ 41 ] . Measurements of total cellular ceramide in CLENDO cells revealed that ceramide levels were significantly elevated (P < 0.05) as early as 2 min following TNFα treatment, and remained elevated through 30 min of treatment (Fig.
In a second group of experiments, we observed that CLENDO cells were resistant to apoptosis when treated for 72 h with sFasL or the human Fas activating antibody CH-11.
To identify putative luteolytic factors that initiate CLENDO cell apoptosis, cells were treated with TNFα (50 ng/ml; Upstate Biotechnology, Inc.; Lake Placid, NY), bovine IFNγ (200 IU/ml; generous gift from Dr. Dale Godson, Veterinary Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada), sFasL (50 ng/ml; Oncogene, LaJolla, CA), mouse Fas activating antibody (Jo2; 500 ng/ml; Pharmingen, San Diego, CA), human Fas activating antibody (CH-11; 500 ng/ml; Upstate Biotechnology, Inc., Lake Placid, NY), PGF
TNFα elevates ceramide in CLENDO cells, whereas sFasL elevates ceramide in primary luteal steroidogenic cells [ 26 ] . Ceramide treatment induces apoptosis in both cell types, suggesting that the sphingomyelin pathway may be a common mediator of cell death among distinct cell types within the CL.
We suggest that one mechanism by which TNFα induces CLENDO cell death is through the formation of ROS, a result that may stem from depletion of GSH stores in CLENDO cells.
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