Words similar to cesarean
Example sentences for: cesarean
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One common method of inference from observational data is the cohort study with an adjustment for risk factors using, for example, regression models [ 1 ] and propensity scores [ 2 ] . In some situations, estimates from high-quality cohort studies have been similar to those from randomized trials [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] . However there are some notable exceptions, including studies of the effect of beta-carotene on cardiovascular mortality [ 6 ] [ 7 ] , the effect of hormone therapy on the rate of cardiovascular disease [ 8 ] , the effect of epidural analgesia on the probability of Cesarean section [ 9 ] , the effect of beta-blockers on mortality [ 10 ] , and the effect of aspirin on the risk of colorectal cancer [ 11 ] . Some of the discrepancy between the results of these high quality cohort studies and randomized trials may be explained by differences in the intervention, patient population, or duration of follow-up.
To the best of our knowledge, in the paired availability design to study the effect of epidural analgesia on the probability of Cesarean section, there were no credible reports of either detrimental or beneficial side effects to the mother or fetus from epidural analgesia and no relevant direct-to-consumer advertising.
Baker and Lindeman applied the paired availability design to study the effect of epidural analgesia on the probability of Cesarean section [ 9 ] . They identified 11 hospitals or medical centers where epidural analgesia was introduced, expanded, or discontinued.
Using the aforementioned method of analysis, with more details in the notes for Table 3, the estimated increase in the probability of Cesarean section due to epidural analgesia was -0.
However, because a randomized trial had previously shown that the effect of epidural analgesia on the probability of Cesarean section did not differ whether epidural analgesia was initiated early or late in labor, the requirement was thought to hold.