Words similar to cell-surface
Example sentences for: cell-surface
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Because binding of cell-surface receptors to polyethylenimine filters is rather insensitive to ionic strength, the ionic phenomenon is thought to be supplemented by hydrophobic forces and hydrogen binding [ 32 ] . The method used with Y-79 cells and radiolabeled PEDF has been described before in detail [ 18 ] . Briefly, cells cultured overnight in serum-deprived medium at 37°C were transferred to ice/water bath for 10 minutes before the addition of ligand.
The precursor of heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (proHB-EGF) is found on a wide variety of cell surfaces and is present in numerous tissue types [ 1 ] . Previously in our laboratory, we cloned the cDNA encoding proHB-EGF from monkey Vero cells and identified this cell-surface molecule as a receptor for diphtheria toxin (DT) [ 2 ] . The predicted amino acid sequence was shown to be identical to that of the cell surface-expressed precursor of human heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (proHB-EGF) [ 3 4 ] . The derived amino acid sequence revealed a signal sequence (residues 1-23), an extracellular domain (residues 24-159), a transmembrane domain (residues 160-184), and a carboxyl terminal cytoplasmic domain (residues 185-208) [ 2 ] . Proteolytic processing of the proHB-EGF occurs on the cell surface and results in the release of mature HB-EGF (mHB-EGF) (residues 63-148) [ 5 ] . The mature/soluble HB-EGF is a member of the EGF family of growth factors that includes amphiregulin, epidermal growth factor, and transforming growth factor a [ 6 ] . Mature HB-EGF released from the cell surface is mitogenic and is able to bind to the EGF receptor [ 3 ] . Membrane-bound proHB-EGF has juxtacrine growth factor activity [ 7 ] and also acts as a DT receptor [ 2 8 ] .
Given that binding to cell-surface receptors is the first step in the biological activity of PEDF, we used human retinoblastoma Y-79 cells and their conditioned media (CM) as sources of functional PEDF receptors and extracellular matrix components, respectively, to examine the GAG content in CM and their effects on PEDF ligand-receptor interactions.
In light of recent developments in understanding the biology of Toll-like receptors, the NFκB-dominated responses we observe fit well within a model in which undifferentiated, subconfluent Caco-2 cells can recognize Gram-positive cell-surface moieties and induce what is termed an 'innate immune response'.
Possible functions for the apparent interaction of mHB-EGF with LTBP-3 include the targeting of the TGF-β within its protective large latent complex to its appropriate TGF-β cell-surface receptor, or the targeting of the TGF-β large latent complex to the EGF receptor via binding of mHB-EGF to the appropriate EGF receptor.
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