Words similar to carrageenan
Example sentences for: carrageenan
How can you use “carrageenan” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
In repeated experiments with HIV-1 IIIB, soluble and micronized CAP, cellulose sulfate, poly(naphthalene sulfonate), poly(styrene-4-sulfonate) and BufferGel, respectively, caused a ≥ 140-fold reduction in infectivity, while dextran sulfate, carrageenan and Carbomer 974P (pH 7), respectively, were less effective (4- to 25-fold reduction in infectivity).
While CAP, carrageenan and BufferGel (Carbomer 974P) had moderate or no effects, cellulose sulfate, dextran sulfate, poly(napthalene sulfonate) and poly(styrene-4-sulfonate) greatly inhibited clotting of ACD plasma (Fig.
Such activity was reported for dextran sulfate after 2 h incubation with HIV-1 [ 2 ] but results of other studies indicated that dextran sulfate failed to neutralize virus infectivity [ 4 10 ] . Inactivation of HIV-1 by carrageenan was reported in a review article [ 18 ] . BufferGel is virucidal against HIV-1 by providing a buffered low pH environment (pH 3.9 [ 25 ] ), but virus inactivation might be incomplete and possibly compromised by minor pH increases due to the presence of seminal fluid [ 40 ] . To be effective in preventing infection by direct virus inactivation, anti-HIV-1 microbicides must be virucidal against both X4 and R5 viruses, utilizing CXCR4 and CCR5 as coreceptors [ 39 41 ] , respectively, R5 HIV-1 being most frequently sexually transmitted.
4show that carrageenan, cellulose sulfate, dextran sulfate, poly(napthalene sulfonate) and poly(styrene-4-sulfonate) all elicit gp41 six-helix bundle formation in HIV-1 IIIB but somewhat less effectively in comparison with CAP.
Among the sulfonates and polysaccharide sulfates, carrageenan and poly(napthalene sulfonate) had lower anti-coagulant activity in comparison with cellulose sulfate, dextran sulfate and poly(styrene-4-sulfonate) (Fig.
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