Words similar to capping
Example sentences for: capping
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Although the three capping reactions are universal in eukaryotes, there is a surprising diversity in the genetic organization of the capping enzymes as well as a complete divergence in the structure and catalytic mechanism of the RNA triphosphatase component in "lower" versus "higher" eukaryotic species [ 1 ] . Metazoans and plants have a two-component capping system consisting of a bifunctional triphosphatase-guanylyltransferase polypeptide and a separate methyltransferase polypeptide, whereas fungi contain a three-component system consisting of separate triphosphatase, guanylyltransferase, and methyltransferase gene products.
[ 25 ] had previously generated a single allele knockout in C. albicans of the guanylyltransferase component of the capping apparatus (Cgt1) using the URA-blaster technique and noted a variety of pleiotrophic effects on stress response, hygromycin sensitivity, and colony morphology in the CGT1/cgt1Δ heterozygote, but they found that the heterozygote was just as virulent as the wild-type strain in animal models of systemic candidiasis.
To address these issues, we have characterized the RNA triphosphatases of two other fungi, including the human pathogen Candida albicans and the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe [ 10 11 12 ] . The fungal triphosphatases, S. cerevisiae Cet1, C. albicans CaCet1 and S. pombe Pct1, belong to a new family of metal-dependent phosphohydrolases that embraces the triphosphatase components of DNA virus and protozoan mRNA capping systems [ 1 7 13 14 ] . The defining features of the metal-dependent RNA triphosphatases are two glutamate-containing motifs that are required for catalysis and comprise the metal-binding site in the crystal structure of S. cerevisiae Cet1.
Although a coordinated climate and air quality policy appeared to lower costs compared to a series of separate policy initiatives, the EIA assessment indicated significant costs associated with capping emissions.
EPA employed the Argonne National Laboratory's AMIGA modeling system to evaluate the impact of capping emissions under the four different technology scenarios.
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