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Example sentences for: bigelowii
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Tridentatae is characterized by discoid-homogamous capitula, with the exception of S. bigelowii , which has occasional heterogamous-disciform capitula of one pistillate ray floret and two perfect disk florets - a character that was previously considered a plesiomorphy or secondary reversal in S. bigelowii [ 2 ] . Based on ITS and chloroplast phylogenies of sect.
Tridentatae , we previously concluded [ 34 35 ] that S. bigelowii was perhaps misplaced and should be excluded from the Tridentatae . In addition, we explained [ 34 35 ] an unexpected relationship between it and A. filfifolia as possible hybridization and introgression involving bidirectional gene flow rather than recent common ancestry because heterogamous-disciform A. bigelowii differs from heterogamous-disciform A. filifolia by perfect disk florets instead of female-sterile disk florets.
Sphaeromeria also has heterogamous-disciform capitula with pistillate ray and perfect disk florets, as does heterogamous-disciform S. bigelowii , suggesting that it is indeed a plesiomorphy.
The occasional appearance of disciform capitula in S. bigelowii might be explained by introgression of genes or alleles from A. filfolia that control ray expression, a phenomenon observed in discoid Senecio squallidus and radiate S. vulgaris in Europe [ 67 ] . While this is speculative, it is consistent with hypotheses that hybridization and introgression are widespread in sect.
Tridentatae [ 68 ] , and may explain occasional heterogamous disciform capitula in S. bigelowii [ 34 35 ] . However, there may be many genetic and developmental mechanisms that affect ray formation and control floret fertility [ 69 70 ] .
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