Words similar to autophagic
Example sentences for: autophagic
How can you use “autophagic” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
Although Rab24 has been proposed as a possible regulator of autophagic processes [ 24 43 ] , the accumulation of punctate bodies in cells expressing Rab24(D123I) was not prevented by 3-methyadenine, a known inhibitor of autophagosome formation [ 44 ] . Most importantly, electron microscopy with immunogold labeling of mycRab24(D123I) in ultra-thin sections confirmed the initial impression that the inclusions are in fact localized within the nucleus.
Mutant SOD1 causes dysfunction and structural damage of mitochondria in cultured neuronal cells [ 18 19 20 ] and at early disease stages in mutant SOD1 transgenic mice [ 21 22 ] . Human ALS also shows mitochondrial damage, dysfunction and loss [ 23 24 ] . The mechanism whereby mutant SOD1 causes mitochondrial damage has not been determined, but recent evidence shows that mutant SOD1 is imported into mitochondria [ 21 25 26 ] , and this mitochondrial localization may cause direct damage to mitochondria and induce cell death [ 27 ] . Consistent with this possibility, previous work suggested that mitochondrial vacuolation was developed from expansion of the intermembrane space [ 17 ] . However, the possibility that the vacuoles represent autophagic vacuolation has not been ruled out, because the source of the vacuolar membrane was not known.
Interestingly, Rab24 has been implicated as a possible mediator of autophagy in a recent study where wild-type GFP-Rab24 was observed to accumulate on large autophagic vacuoles in cells subjected to amino acid starvation [ 43 ] . Thus, if Rab24(D123I) functions as a true dominant suppressor of endogenous Rab24, the inclusions observed in the present study may consist of misfolded endogenous proteins that cannot be degraded because basal activity of the autophagosome-lysosome pathway is blocked.
An alternative mechanism for the formation of inclusion bodies in protein conformation disorders is suggested by a recent study showing that clearance of poly-Gln and poly-Ala inclusions is accelerated by compounds like rapamycin, which stimulate protein degradation by autophagy [ 64 ] . Along similar lines, the work of Kegel et al . [ 65 ] hints that poly-Gln huntingtin may be degraded mainly in autophagic vacuoles containing lysosomal proteases.
The present results further highlight the unique nature of Rab24 and raise the possibility that it may function in autophagic degradation of misfolded proteins, or perhaps play an unanticipated role in nuclear protein trafficking or maintenance/assembly of the nuclear envelope.
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