Words similar to atcop
Example sentences for: atcop
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GFP-N346 (amino acid 71-416) contains the RING finger, the coiled-coil domain, and the region corresponding to the AtCOP1 NLS [ 17 ] and is localized exclusively in the nucleus, forming distinctive nuclear speckles (Fig 5Aand 5B).
Interestingly in MmCOP1, the site matching the AtCOP1 NLS is found to be important for targeting the nuclear localized MmCOP1 deletion construct N346 to speckles rather than mediating nuclear import (Fig 8).
Comparison of the subcellular localization signals uncovers clear distinctions between AtCOP1 and MmCOP1.
In contrast, the AtCOP1 NLS has been identified as a classic bipartite nuclear localization signal, consisting of 21 amino acids in the intermediate region of coiled-coil domain and the WD-40 domain [ [ 17 ] ; Fig 8].
AtCOP1 contains three conserved structural domains: a RING finger at the amino terminus, a coiled-coil domain in the middle, and a carboxyl-terminal WD40 repeat domain [ 9 10 ] . Each of the three conserved domains has been shown to mediate protein-protein interactions [ 11 12 13 ] . The subcellular localization of AtCOP1 is regulated by light in a tissue specific manner [ 14 15 ] . The hypocotyl cell nuclei contain high levels of COP1 in the dark and reduced levels in the light, suggesting that the nucleocytoplasmic partitioning of AtCOP1 is adjusted by a light-responsive mechanism [ 14 16 ] . The activity of AtCOP1 is at least in part regulated by its subcellular localization, as the degradation of HY5 is dependent upon the nuclear accumulation of AtCOP1 in the dark [ 4 ] . AtCOP1 was demonstrated to carry a single, bipartite nuclear localization signal located between the coiled-coil domain and the WD-40 domain (amino acid 294-314) and a cytoplasmic localization signal, which was mapped to a region partially overlapping with the RING finger and the coiled-coil domain (amino acid 67-117) [ 17 ] . Strikingly, AtCOP1 protein forms characteristic nuclear speckles when transiently expressed in onion epidermal cells or stably expressed in transgenic Arabidopsis [ 6 18 ] . The functional role of these speckles is currently unknown; however, a subnuclear localization signal consisting of 58 residues (amino acid 120-177) is required for their formation [ 19 ] .
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