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Example sentences for: ase
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One explanation for the discrepancy between phylogenetic classification and distribution of the A-ATPase intein is horizontal gene transfer: the intein was not present in the last common ancestor of Thermoplasma and Pyrococcus, rather the intein invaded one of the lineages after their split and was more recently horizontally transferred to the other lineage.
Multiple sequence alignments of diverse intein sequences identified eight motifs composed of moderately conserved residues [ 18 28 ] . The A-ATPase A subunit of the Thermoplasma and Pyrococcus intein multiple sequence alignment (with manual modification) is shown in figure 1. The T. acidophilum intein (173 amino acids long) is among the shortest inteins known, and the alignment with other inteins reveals the absence of sequences homologous to the typical endonuclease motifs.
The gene encoding the T. acidophilum A-ATPase A subunit was cloned into the expression vector pET-11a (Stratagene) and transformed into E. coli Bl21(DE3) and E. coli Bl21-CodonPlus(DE3)-RIL strain for protein expression.
Small multigene families of V-ATPase subunit A are known to exist in flowering plants and algae.
Fully expanded leaves exhibited an increase only for the proteolipid mRNA, an increase of approximately three fold over non salt stressed plants [ 54 ] . Cell suspension cultures when subjected to salt stress exhibited increase in activity of both P-Type and V-Type ATPases without concomitant increase in protein levels [ 55 ] . Transcript levels of subunit E of the V-ATPase in Mesembryanthemum crystallinum were recently shown to increase in leaves but not roots of salt stressed plants with a concomitant increase in protein levels in leaves [ 56 ] . On the other hand, subunit E in Hordeum vulgare showed no effect on mRNA level in response to salt stress [ 57 ] . The effects of salt stress on V-ATPases has also been investigated in tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum ) suspension cells.
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