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Example sentences for: aquateric
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HIV-1 IIIB and BaL virus particles also bound effectively in the presence of seminal fluid to Aquateric formulated into a topical gel (Fig.
2)), this would be expected to physically remove virus particles by adsorption onto micronized CAP (Aquateric) so that they would cease to be available to initiate the complex sequence of events leading to mucosal infection.
[ 37 ] To confirm that contact of virus with micronized CAP leads to loss of HIV-1 infectivity, HIV-1 IIIB and BaL, respectively, were diluted in seminal fluid and the diluted virus preparations were mixed with an Aquateric formulation (for composition, see legend to Fig.
In order to correlate the properties of CAP in soluble and micronized forms, it was necessary to establish whether or not micronized CAP would bind HIV-1 virus particles and HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins, and induce the formation of gp41 six-helix bundles, a marker of irreversible virus inactivation, as did soluble CAP [ 37 ] . First it was established that HIV-1 gp120 bound to micronized CAP (provided in the form of micronized CAP particles or of a commercial product, "Aquateric", containing about 66% of CAP and used for enteric coating of tablets and capsules in the pharmaceutical industry [ 54 ] ); (Fig.
To avoid this, CAP in micronized form (which does not aggregate at low pH), instead of CAP in soluble form is being considered as a topical microbicide [ 30 31 32 33 34 35 ] . Micronized CAP (Aquateric) was shown to be virucidal against HIV-1, herpesviruses and several nonviral sexually transmitted disease (STD) pathogens [ 30 31 32 33 34 ] . The virucidal activity of micronized CAP could at least partly be explained by its buffering capacity at low pH [ 40 ] since it is a free acid while other anionic polymeric microbicide candidates (except BufferGel, the active ingredient of which is Carbomer 974P [ 27 ] ) are sodium salts.
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