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Example sentences for: d-limonene
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The mutagenicity-reducing activity per weight of peels of citrus fruits was considerably higher than that of their juices [ 16 ] . The two main compositional differences between peel and juice components are that the peel contains a higher concentration of ascorbic acid than the juice, and that the peel also contains higher concentrations of active components (d-limonene, hesperidin, naringin, and auraptene) than do the juice and pulp.
d-Limonene, which comprises > 90% of citrus peel oil, has demonstrated chemopreventive activity against a variety of chemically induced rodent cancers [ 17 18 19 20 21 22 ] . Several mechanisms of action may account for the antitumor activities of d-limonene [ 23 24 25 ] . Among citrus bioflavonoids, hesperidin and naringin have been tested as potential chemopreventive agents [ 26 27 ] . In our previous studies, we showed that citrus peel use [ 28 ] and consumption of hot (strong) black tea [ 29 ] were each independently associated with reduced risk of skin SCC.
Laboratory investigations support the capability of citrus peel or its major constituents, d-limonene, and also the ability of tea extract or its constituents, tea polyphenols to reduce not only the incidence and tumor size of chemically-induced tumors at several sites [ 4 8 9 17 18 20 22 ] but also the growth of various tumor cells in culture [ 11 33 ] . Both d-limonene, representative of citrus peel, and tea polyphenols, representative of black tea, are known to impact antiproliferative effects, including apoptosis, on neoplastic cells [ 4 34 35 36 37 ] . Dietary d-limonene has been shown to be effective in the chemoprevention and chemotherapy of cancer.
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